Integrated Writing — suggested template (150–225 words)

Paragraph 1 (Introduction):
- Introduce the reading topic.
- State how the lecture challenges or supports it.

Paragraphs 2–3 (Body):
- Lecture point 1 + link to reading
- Lecture point 2 + detail

Optional closing:
- Brief summary without copying the passage verbatim

Tip: Use reporting verbs (The lecturer argues… / The reading claims…).

Academic vocabulary sample

hypothesis: a proposed explanation to be tested · فرضیه
feasible: practical and achievable · عملی
comprehensive: thorough and complete · جامع
inference: a conclusion from evidence · استنباط
mitigate: make less severe · کاهش دادن
correlate: show a relationship · همبستگی داشتن
ambiguous: unclear in meaning · مبهم
substantial: considerable in amount · قابل توجه
preliminary: initial · اولیه
replicate: repeat to verify · تکرار برای تأیید